This is a cheat sheet for Pleroma configuration file, any setting possible to configure should be listed here.
For OTP installations the configuration is typically stored in `/etc/pleroma/config.exs`.
For from source installations Pleroma configuration works by first importing the base config `config/config.exs`, then overriding it by the environment config `config/$MIX_ENV.exs` and then overriding it by user config `config/$MIX_ENV.secret.exs`. In from source installations you should always make the changes to the user config and NEVER to the base config to avoid breakages and merge conflicts. So for production you change/add configuration to `config/prod.secret.exs`.
To add configuration to your config file, you can copy it from the base config. The latest version of it can be viewed [here](https://git.pleroma.social/pleroma/pleroma/blob/develop/config/config.exs). You can also use this file if you don't know how an option is supposed to be formatted.
## :shout
* `enabled` - Enables the backend Shoutbox chat feature. Defaults to `true`.
* `limit` - Shout character limit. Defaults to `5_000`
## :instance
* `name`: The instance’s name.
* `email`: Email used to reach an Administrator/Moderator of the instance.
* `notify_email`: Email used for notifications.
* `description`: The instance’s description, can be seen in nodeinfo and ``/api/v1/instance``.
* `short_description`: Shorter version of instance description, can be seen on ``/api/v1/instance``.
* `limit`: Posts character limit (CW/Subject included in the counter).
* `description_limit`: The character limit for image descriptions.
* `remote_limit`: Hard character limit beyond which remote posts will be dropped.
* `upload_limit`: File size limit of uploads (except for avatar, background, banner).
* `avatar_upload_limit`: File size limit of user’s profile avatars.
* `background_upload_limit`: File size limit of user’s profile backgrounds.
* `banner_upload_limit`: File size limit of user’s profile banners.
* `poll_limits`: A map with poll limits for **local** polls.
* `max_options`: Maximum number of options.
* `max_option_chars`: Maximum number of characters per option.
* `min_expiration`: Minimum expiration time (in seconds).
* `max_expiration`: Maximum expiration time (in seconds).
* `registrations_open`: Enable registrations for anyone, invitations can be enabled when false.
* `invites_enabled`: Enable user invitations for admins (depends on `registrations_open: false`).
* `account_activation_required`: Require users to confirm their emails before signing in.
* `account_approval_required`: Require users to be manually approved by an admin before signing in.
* `federating`: Enable federation with other instances.
* `federation_incoming_replies_max_depth`: Max. depth of reply-to activities fetching on incoming federation, to prevent out-of-memory situations while fetching very long threads. If set to `nil`, threads of any depth will be fetched. Lower this value if you experience out-of-memory crashes.
* `federation_reachability_timeout_days`: Timeout (in days) of each external federation target being unreachable prior to pausing federating to it.
* `allow_relay`: Permits remote instances to subscribe to all public posts of your instance. This may increase the visibility of your instance.
* `public`: Makes the client API in authenticated mode-only except for user-profiles. Useful for disabling the Local Timeline and The Whole Known Network. Note that there is a dependent setting restricting or allowing unauthenticated access to specific resources, see `restrict_unauthenticated` for more details.
* `quarantined_instances`: ActivityPub instances where private (DMs, followers-only) activities will not be send.
* `rejected_instances`: ActivityPub instances to reject requests from if authorized_fetch_mode is enabled.
* `allowed_post_formats`: MIME-type list of formats allowed to be posted (transformed into HTML).
* `extended_nickname_format`: Set to `true` to use extended local nicknames format (allows underscores/dashes). This will break federation with
older software for theses nicknames.
* `max_pinned_statuses`: The maximum number of pinned statuses. `0` will disable the feature.
* `autofollowed_nicknames`: Set to nicknames of (local) users that every new user should automatically follow.
* `autofollowing_nicknames`: Set to nicknames of (local) users that automatically follows every newly registered user.
* `attachment_links`: Set to true to enable automatically adding attachment link text to statuses.
* `max_report_comment_size`: The maximum size of the report comment (Default: `1000`).
* `report_strip_status`: Strip associated statuses in reports to ids when closed/resolved, otherwise keep a copy.
* `safe_dm_mentions`: If set to true, only mentions at the beginning of a post will be used to address people in direct messages. This is to prevent accidental mentioning of people when talking about them (e.g. "@friend hey i really don't like @enemy"). Default: `false`.
* `healthcheck`: If set to true, system data will be shown on ``/api/v1/pleroma/healthcheck``.
* `remote_post_retention_days`: The default amount of days to retain remote posts when pruning the database.
* `user_bio_length`: A user bio maximum length (default: `5000`).
* `user_name_length`: A user name maximum length (default: `100`).
* `skip_thread_containment`: Skip filter out broken threads. The default is `false`.
* `limit_to_local_content`: Limit unauthenticated users to search for local statutes and users only. Possible values: `:unauthenticated`, `:all` and `false`. The default is `:unauthenticated`.
* `max_account_fields`: The maximum number of custom fields in the user profile (default: `10`).
* `max_remote_account_fields`: The maximum number of custom fields in the remote user profile (default: `20`).
* `account_field_name_length`: An account field name maximum length (default: `512`).
* `account_field_value_length`: An account field value maximum length (default: `2048`).
* `registration_reason_length`: Maximum registration reason length (default: `500`).
* `external_user_synchronization`: Enabling following/followers counters synchronization for external users.
* `cleanup_attachments`: Remove attachments along with statuses. Does not affect duplicate files and attachments without status. Enabling this will increase load to database when deleting statuses on larger instances.
* `show_reactions`: Let favourites and emoji reactions be viewed through the API (default: `true`).
* `password_reset_token_validity`: The time after which reset tokens aren't accepted anymore, in seconds (default: one day).
* `admin_privileges`: A list of privileges an admin has (e.g. delete messages, manage reports...)
* Possible values are:
* `:users_read`
* Allows admins to fetch users through the admin API.
* `:users_manage_invites`
* Allows admins to manage invites. This includes sending, resending, revoking and approving invites.
* `:users_manage_activation_state`
* Allows admins to activate and deactivate accounts. This also allows them to see deactivated users through the Mastodon API.
* `:users_manage_tags`
* Allows admins to set and remove tags for users. This can be useful in combination with MRF policies, such as `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.TagPolicy`.
* `:users_manage_credentials`
* Allows admins to trigger a password reset and set new credentials for an user.
* `:users_delete`
* Allows admins to delete accounts. Note that deleting an account is actually deactivating it and removing all data like posts, profile information, etc.
* `:messages_read`
* Allows admins to read messages through the admin API, including non-public posts and chats.
* `:messages_delete`
* Allows admins to delete messages from other users.
* `:instances_delete,`
* Allows admins to remove a whole remote instance from your instance. This will delete all users and messages from that remote instance.
* `:reports_manage_reports`
* Allows admins to see and manage reports.
* `:moderation_log_read,`
* Allows admins to read the entries in the moderation log.
* `:emoji_manage_emoji`
* Allows admins to manage custom emoji on the instance.
* `:statistics_read,`
* Allows admins to see some simple statistics about the instance.
* `moderator_privileges`: A list of privileges a moderator has (e.g. delete messages, manage reports...)
* Possible values are the same as for `admin_privileges`
## :features
* `improved_hashtag_timeline`: Setting to force toggle / force disable improved hashtags timeline. `:enabled` forces hashtags to be fetched from `hashtags` table for hashtags timeline. `:disabled` forces object-embedded hashtags to be used (slower). Keep it `:auto` for automatic behaviour (it is auto-set to `:enabled` [unless overridden] when HashtagsTableMigrator completes).
## Background migrations
* `populate_hashtags_table/sleep_interval_ms`: Sleep interval between each chunk of processed records in order to decrease the load on the system (defaults to 0 and should be keep default on most instances).
* `populate_hashtags_table/fault_rate_allowance`: Max rate of failed objects to actually processed objects in order to enable the feature (any value from 0.0 which tolerates no errors to 1.0 which will enable the feature even if hashtags transfer failed for all records).
## Welcome
* `direct_message`: - welcome message sent as a direct message.
* `enabled`: Enables the send a direct message to a newly registered user. Defaults to `false`.
* `sender_nickname`: The nickname of the local user that sends the welcome message.
* `message`: A message that will be send to a newly registered users as a direct message.
* `chat_message`: - welcome message sent as a chat message.
* `enabled`: Enables the send a chat message to a newly registered user. Defaults to `false`.
* `sender_nickname`: The nickname of the local user that sends the welcome message.
* `message`: A message that will be send to a newly registered users as a chat message.
* `email`: - welcome message sent as a email.
* `enabled`: Enables the send a welcome email to a newly registered user. Defaults to `false`.
* `sender`: The email address or tuple with `{nickname, email}` that will use as sender to the welcome email.
* `subject`: A subject of welcome email.
* `html`: A html that will be send to a newly registered users as a email.
* `text`: A text that will be send to a newly registered users as a email.
Example:
```elixir
config :pleroma, :welcome,
direct_message: [
enabled: true,
sender_nickname: "lain",
message: "Hi! Welcome on board!"
],
email: [
enabled: true,
sender: {"Pleroma App", "welcome@pleroma.app"},
subject: "Welcome to <%= instance_name %>",
html: "Welcome to <%= instance_name %>",
text: "Welcome to <%= instance_name %>"
]
```
## Message rewrite facility
### :mrf
* `policies`: Message Rewrite Policy, either one or a list. Here are the ones available by default:
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.DropPolicy`: Drops all activities. It generally doesn’t makes sense to use in production.
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.SimplePolicy`: Restrict the visibility of activities from certains instances (See [`:mrf_simple`](#mrf_simple)).
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.TagPolicy`: Applies policies to individual users based on tags, which can be set using pleroma-fe/admin-fe/any other app that supports Pleroma Admin API. For example it allows marking posts from individual users nsfw (sensitive).
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.SubchainPolicy`: Selectively runs other MRF policies when messages match (See [`:mrf_subchain`](#mrf_subchain)).
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.RejectNonPublic`: Drops posts with non-public visibility settings (See [`:mrf_rejectnonpublic`](#mrf_rejectnonpublic)).
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.EnsureRePrepended`: Rewrites posts to ensure that replies to posts with subjects do not have an identical subject and instead begin with re:.
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.AntiLinkSpamPolicy`: Rejects posts from likely spambots by rejecting posts from new users that contain links.
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.MediaProxyWarmingPolicy`: Crawls attachments using their MediaProxy URLs so that the MediaProxy cache is primed.
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.MentionPolicy`: Drops posts mentioning configurable users. (See [`:mrf_mention`](#mrf_mention)).
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.VocabularyPolicy`: Restricts activities to a configured set of vocabulary. (See [`:mrf_vocabulary`](#mrf_vocabulary)).
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.ObjectAgePolicy`: Rejects or delists posts based on their age when received. (See [`:mrf_object_age`](#mrf_object_age)).
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.ActivityExpirationPolicy`: Sets a default expiration on all posts made by users of the local instance. Requires `Pleroma.Workers.PurgeExpiredActivity` to be enabled for processing the scheduled deletions.
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.ForceBotUnlistedPolicy`: Makes all bot posts to disappear from public timelines.
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.FollowBotPolicy`: Automatically follows newly discovered users from the specified bot account. Local accounts, locked accounts, and users with "#nobot" in their bio are respected and excluded from being followed.
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.AntiFollowbotPolicy`: Drops follow requests from followbots. Users can still allow bots to follow them by first following the bot.
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.KeywordPolicy`: Rejects or removes from the federated timeline or replaces keywords. (See [`:mrf_keyword`](#mrf_keyword)).
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.ForceMentionsInContent`: Forces every mentioned user to be reflected in the post content.
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.InlineQuotePolicy`: Forces quote post URLs to be reflected in the message content inline.
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.QuoteToLinkTagPolicy`: Force a Link tag for posts quoting another post. (may break outgoing federation of quote posts with older Pleroma versions).
* `Pleroma.Web.ActivityPub.MRF.ForceMention`: Forces posts to include a mention of the author of parent post or the author of quoted post.
* `transparency`: Make the content of your Message Rewrite Facility settings public (via nodeinfo).
* `transparency_exclusions`: Exclude specific instance names from MRF transparency. The use of the exclusions feature will be disclosed in nodeinfo as a boolean value.
## Federation
### MRF policies
!!! note
Configuring MRF policies is not enough for them to take effect. You have to enable them by specifying their module in `policies` under [:mrf](#mrf) section.
#### :mrf_simple
* `media_removal`: List of instances to strip media attachments from and the reason for doing so.
* `media_nsfw`: List of instances to tag all media as NSFW (sensitive) from and the reason for doing so.
* `federated_timeline_removal`: List of instances to remove from the Federated Timeline (aka The Whole Known Network) and the reason for doing so.
* `reject`: List of instances to reject activities (except deletes) from and the reason for doing so.
* `accept`: List of instances to only accept activities (except deletes) from and the reason for doing so.
* `followers_only`: Force posts from the given instances to be visible by followers only and the reason for doing so.
* `report_removal`: List of instances to reject reports from and the reason for doing so.
* `avatar_removal`: List of instances to strip avatars from and the reason for doing so.
* `banner_removal`: List of instances to strip banners from and the reason for doing so.
* `reject_deletes`: List of instances to reject deletions from and the reason for doing so.
#### :mrf_subchain
This policy processes messages through an alternate pipeline when a given message matches certain criteria.
All criteria are configured as a map of regular expressions to lists of policy modules.
* `match_actor`: Matches a series of regular expressions against the actor field.
* `allow_followersonly`: whether to allow followers-only posts.
* `allow_direct`: whether to allow direct messages.
#### :mrf_hellthread
* `delist_threshold`: Number of mentioned users after which the message gets delisted (the message can still be seen, but it will not show up in public timelines and mentioned users won't get notifications about it). Set to 0 to disable.
* `reject_threshold`: Number of mentioned users after which the messaged gets rejected. Set to 0 to disable.
#### :mrf_keyword
* `reject`: A list of patterns which result in message being rejected, each pattern can be a string or a [regular expression](https://hexdocs.pm/elixir/Regex.html).
* `federated_timeline_removal`: A list of patterns which result in message being removed from federated timelines (a.k.a unlisted), each pattern can be a string or a [regular expression](https://hexdocs.pm/elixir/Regex.html).
* `replace`: A list of tuples containing `{pattern, replacement}`, `pattern` can be a string or a [regular expression](https://hexdocs.pm/elixir/Regex.html).
#### :mrf_mention
* `actors`: A list of actors, for which to drop any posts mentioning.
#### :mrf_vocabulary
* `accept`: A list of ActivityStreams terms to accept. If empty, all supported messages are accepted.
* `reject`: A list of ActivityStreams terms to reject. If empty, no messages are rejected.
#### :mrf_user_allowlist
The keys in this section are the domain names that the policy should apply to.
Each key should be assigned a list of users that should be allowed through by
* `threshold`: Required time offset (in seconds) compared to your server clock of an incoming post before actions are taken.
e.g., A value of 900 results in any post with a timestamp older than 15 minutes will be acted upon.
* `actions`: A list of actions to apply to the post:
* `:delist` removes the post from public timelines
* `:strip_followers` removes followers from the ActivityPub recipient list, ensuring they won't be delivered to home timelines, additionally for followers-only it degrades to a direct message
* `:reject` rejects the message entirely
#### :mrf_steal_emoji
* `hosts`: List of hosts to steal emojis from
* `rejected_shortcodes`: Regex-list of shortcodes to reject
* `size_limit`: File size limit (in bytes), checked before an emoji is saved to the disk
#### :mrf_activity_expiration
* `days`: Default global expiration time for all local Create activities (in days)
#### :mrf_hashtag
* `sensitive`: List of hashtags to mark activities as sensitive (default: `nsfw`)
* `federated_timeline_removal`: List of hashtags to remove activities from the federated timeline (aka TWNK)
* `reject`: List of hashtags to reject activities from
Notes:
- The hashtags in the configuration do not have a leading `#`.
- This MRF Policy is always enabled, if you want to disable it you have to set empty lists
#### :mrf_follow_bot
* `follower_nickname`: The name of the bot account to use for following newly discovered users. Using `followbot` or similar is strongly suggested.
#### :mrf_emoji
* `remove_url`: A list of patterns which result in emoji whose URL matches being removed from the message. This will apply to statuses, emoji reactions, and user profiles. Each pattern can be a string or a [regular expression](https://hexdocs.pm/elixir/Regex.html).
* `remove_shortcode`: A list of patterns which result in emoji whose shortcode matches being removed from the message. This will apply to statuses, emoji reactions, and user profiles. Each pattern can be a string or a [regular expression](https://hexdocs.pm/elixir/Regex.html).
* `federated_timeline_removal_url`: A list of patterns which result in message with emojis whose URLs match being removed from federated timelines (a.k.a unlisted). This will apply only to statuses. Each pattern can be a string or a [regular expression](https://hexdocs.pm/elixir/Regex.html).
* `federated_timeline_removal_shortcode`: A list of patterns which result in message with emojis whose shortcodes match being removed from federated timelines (a.k.a unlisted). This will apply only to statuses. Each pattern can be a string or a [regular expression](https://hexdocs.pm/elixir/Regex.html).
#### :mrf_inline_quote
* `template`: The template to append to the post. `{url}` will be replaced with the actual link to the quoted post. Default: `<bdi>RT:</bdi> {url}`
#### :mrf_force_mention
* `mention_parent`: Whether to append mention of parent post author
* `mention_quoted`: Whether to append mention of parent quoted author
### :activitypub
* `unfollow_blocked`: Whether blocks result in people getting unfollowed
* `outgoing_blocks`: Whether to federate blocks to other instances
* `blockers_visible`: Whether a user can see the posts of users who blocked them
* `deny_follow_blocked`: Whether to disallow following an account that has blocked the user in question
* `sign_object_fetches`: Sign object fetches with HTTP signatures
* `authorized_fetch_mode`: Require HTTP signatures for AP fetches
* `authorized_fetch_mode_exceptions`: List of IPs (CIDR format accepted) to exempt from HTTP Signatures requirement (for example to allow debugging, you shouldn't otherwise need this)
## Pleroma.User
* `restricted_nicknames`: List of nicknames users may not register with.
* `email_blacklist`: List of email domains users may not register with.
## Pleroma.ScheduledActivity
* `daily_user_limit`: the number of scheduled activities a user is allowed to create in a single day (Default: `25`)
* `total_user_limit`: the number of scheduled activities a user is allowed to create in total (Default: `300`)
* `enabled`: whether scheduled activities are sent to the job queue to be executed
### :frontend_configurations
This can be used to configure a keyword list that keeps the configuration data for any kind of frontend. By default, settings for `pleroma_fe` are configured. You can find the documentation for `pleroma_fe` configuration into [Pleroma-FE configuration and customization for instance administrators](/frontend/CONFIGURATION/#options).
Frontends can access these settings at `/api/v1/pleroma/frontend_configurations`
To add your own configuration for PleromaFE, use it like this:
```elixir
config :pleroma, :frontend_configurations,
pleroma_fe: %{
theme: "pleroma-dark",
# ... see /priv/static/static/config.json for the available keys.
}
```
These settings **need to be complete**, they will override the defaults.
### :static_fe
Render profiles and posts using server-generated HTML that is viewable without using JavaScript.
Available options:
* `enabled` - Enables the rendering of static HTML. Defaults to `false`.
### :assets
This section configures assets to be used with various frontends. Currently the only option
relates to mascots on the mastodon frontend
* `mascots`: KeywordList of mascots, each element __MUST__ contain both a `url` and a
`mime_type` key.
* `default_mascot`: An element from `mascots` - This will be used as the default mascot
on MastoFE (default: `:pleroma_fox_tan`).
### :manifest
This section describe PWA manifest instance-specific values. Currently this option relate only for MastoFE.
* `icons`: Describe the icons of the app, this a list of maps describing icons in the same way as the
[spec](https://www.w3.org/TR/appmanifest/#imageresource-and-its-members) describes it.
Example:
```elixir
config :pleroma, :manifest,
icons: [
%{
src: "/static/logo.png"
},
%{
src: "/static/icon.png",
type: "image/png"
},
%{
src: "/static/icon.ico",
sizes: "72x72 96x96 128x128 256x256"
}
]
```
* `theme_color`: Describe the theme color of the app. (Example: `"#282c37"`, `"rebeccapurple"`).
* `background_color`: Describe the background color of the app. (Example: `"#191b22"`, `"aliceblue"`).
## :emoji
* `shortcode_globs`: Location of custom emoji files. `*` can be used as a wildcard. Example `["/emoji/custom/**/*.png"]`
* `pack_extensions`: A list of file extensions for emojis, when no emoji.txt for a pack is present. Example `[".png", ".gif"]`
* `groups`: Emojis are ordered in groups (tags). This is an array of key-value pairs where the key is the groupname and the value the location or array of locations. `*` can be used as a wildcard. Example `[Custom: ["/emoji/*.png", "/emoji/custom/*.png"]]`
* `default_manifest`: Location of the JSON-manifest. This manifest contains information about the emoji-packs you can download. Currently only one manifest can be added (no arrays).
* `shared_pack_cache_seconds_per_file`: When an emoji pack is shared, the archive is created and cached in
memory for this amount of seconds multiplied by the number of files.
## :media_proxy
* `enabled`: Enables proxying of remote media to the instance’s proxy
* `base_url`: The base URL to access a user-uploaded file. Useful when you want to proxy the media files via another host/CDN fronts.
* `proxy_opts`: All options defined in `Pleroma.ReverseProxy` documentation, defaults to `[max_body_length: (25*1_048_576)]`.
* `whitelist`: List of hosts with scheme to bypass the mediaproxy (e.g. `https://example.com`)
* `invalidation`: options for remove media from cache after delete object:
* `enabled`: Enables purge cache
* `provider`: Which one of the [purge cache strategy](#purge-cache-strategy) to use.
## :media_preview_proxy
* `enabled`: Enables proxying of remote media preview to the instance’s proxy. Requires enabled media proxy (`media_proxy/enabled`).
* `thumbnail_max_width`: Max width of preview thumbnail for images (video preview always has original dimensions).
* `thumbnail_max_height`: Max height of preview thumbnail for images (video preview always has original dimensions).
* `image_quality`: Quality of the output. Ranges from 0 (min quality) to 100 (max quality).
* `min_content_length`: Min content length to perform preview, in bytes. If greater than 0, media smaller in size will be served as is, without thumbnailing.
### Purge cache strategy
#### Pleroma.Web.MediaProxy.Invalidation.Script
This strategy allow perform external shell script to purge cache.
Urls of attachments are passed to the script as arguments.
* `script_path`: Path to the external script.
* `url_format`: Set to `:htcacheclean` if using Apache's htcacheclean utility.
* `providers`: a list of metadata providers to enable. Providers available:
* `Pleroma.Web.Metadata.Providers.OpenGraph`
* `Pleroma.Web.Metadata.Providers.TwitterCard`
* `unfurl_nsfw`: If set to `true` nsfw attachments will be shown in previews.
### :rich_media (consumer)
* `enabled`: if enabled the instance will parse metadata from attached links to generate link previews.
* `ignore_hosts`: list of hosts which will be ignored by the metadata parser. For example `["accounts.google.com", "xss.website"]`, defaults to `[]`.
* `ignore_tld`: list TLDs (top-level domains) which will ignore for parse metadata. default is ["local", "localdomain", "lan"].
* `parsers`: list of Rich Media parsers.
* `timeout`: Amount of milliseconds after which the HTTP request is forcibly terminated.
## HTTP server
### Pleroma.Web.Endpoint
!!! note
`Phoenix` endpoint configuration, all configuration options can be viewed [here](https://hexdocs.pm/phoenix/Phoenix.Endpoint.html#module-dynamic-configuration), only common options are listed here.
* `http` - a list containing http protocol configuration, all configuration options can be viewed [here](https://hexdocs.pm/plug_cowboy/Plug.Cowboy.html#module-options), only common options are listed here. For deployment using docker, you need to set this to `[ip: {0,0,0,0}, port: 4000]` to make pleroma accessible from other containers (such as your nginx server).
- `ip` - a tuple consisting of 4 integers
- `port`
* `url` - a list containing the configuration for generating urls, accepts
- `host` - the host without the scheme and a post (e.g `example.com`, not `https://example.com:2020`)
- `scheme` - e.g `http`, `https`
- `port`
- `path`
* `extra_cookie_attrs` - a list of `Key=Value` strings to be added as non-standard cookie attributes. Defaults to `["SameSite=Lax"]`. See the [SameSite article](https://www.owasp.org/index.php/SameSite) on OWASP for more info.
This will make Pleroma listen on `127.0.0.1` port `8080` and generate urls starting with `https://example.com:2020`
### :http_security
* ``enabled``: Whether the managed content security policy is enabled.
* ``sts``: Whether to additionally send a `Strict-Transport-Security` header.
* ``sts_max_age``: The maximum age for the `Strict-Transport-Security` header if sent.
* ``ct_max_age``: The maximum age for the `Expect-CT` header if sent.
* ``referrer_policy``: The referrer policy to use, either `"same-origin"` or `"no-referrer"`.
* ``report_uri``: Adds the specified url to `report-uri` and `report-to` group in CSP header.
* `allow_unsafe_eval`: Adds `wasm-unsafe-eval` to the CSP header. Needed for some non-essential frontend features like Flash emulation.
### Pleroma.Web.Plugs.RemoteIp
!!! warning
If your instance is not behind at least one reverse proxy, you should not enable this plug.
`Pleroma.Web.Plugs.RemoteIp` is a shim to call [`RemoteIp`](https://git.pleroma.social/pleroma/remote_ip) but with runtime configuration.
Available options:
* `enabled` - Enable/disable the plug. Defaults to `false`.
* `headers` - A list of strings naming the HTTP headers to use when deriving the true client IP address. Defaults to `["x-forwarded-for"]`.
* `proxies` - A list of upstream proxy IP subnets in CIDR notation from which we will parse the content of `headers`. Defaults to `[]`. IPv4 entries without a bitmask will be assumed to be /32 and IPv6 /128.
* `reserved` - A list of reserved IP subnets in CIDR notation which should be ignored if found in `headers`. Defaults to `["127.0.0.0/8", "::1/128", "fc00::/7", "10.0.0.0/8", "172.16.0.0/12", "192.168.0.0/16"]`.
### :rate_limit
!!! note
If your instance is behind a reverse proxy ensure [`Pleroma.Web.Plugs.RemoteIp`](#pleroma-plugs-remoteip) is enabled (it is enabled by default).
A keyword list of rate limiters where a key is a limiter name and value is the limiter configuration. The basic configuration is a tuple where:
* The first element: `scale` (Integer). The time scale in milliseconds.
* The second element: `limit` (Integer). How many requests to limit in the time scale provided.
It is also possible to have different limits for unauthenticated and authenticated users: the keyword value must be a list of two tuples where the first one is a config for unauthenticated users and the second one is for authenticated.
For example:
```elixir
config :pleroma, :rate_limit,
authentication: {60_000, 15},
search: [{1000, 10}, {1000, 30}]
```
Means that:
1. In 60 seconds, 15 authentication attempts can be performed from the same IP address.
2. In 1 second, 10 search requests can be performed from the same IP address by unauthenticated users, while authenticated users can perform 30 search requests per second.
Supported rate limiters:
* `:search` - Account/Status search.
* `:timeline` - Timeline requests (each timeline has it's own limiter).
* `:app_account_creation` - Account registration from the API.
* `:relations_actions` - Following/Unfollowing in general.
* `:relation_id_action` - Following/Unfollowing for a specific user.
* `:statuses_actions` - Status actions such as: (un)repeating, (un)favouriting, creating, deleting.
* `:status_id_action` - (un)Repeating/(un)Favouriting a particular status.
* `:authentication` - Authentication actions, i.e getting an OAuth token.
You may want this pool max_connections to be at least equal to the number of federator jobs + retry queue jobs.
* `:media` for rich media, media proxy
* `:upload` for uploaded media (if using a remote uploader and `proxy_remote: true`)
For each pool, the options are:
* `max_connections` - how much connections a pool can hold
* `timeout` - retention duration for connections
### :connections_pool
*For `gun` adapter*
Settings for HTTP connection pool.
* `:connection_acquisition_wait` - Timeout to acquire a connection from pool.The total max time is this value multiplied by the number of retries.
* `connection_acquisition_retries` - Number of attempts to acquire the connection from the pool if it is overloaded. Each attempt is timed `:connection_acquisition_wait` apart.
* `:max_connections` - Maximum number of connections in the pool.
* `:connect_timeout` - Timeout to connect to the host.
* `:reclaim_multiplier` - Multiplied by `:max_connections` this will be the maximum number of idle connections that will be reclaimed in case the pool is overloaded.
### :pools
*For `gun` adapter*
Settings for request pools. These pools are limited on top of `:connections_pool`.
There are four pools used:
* `:federation` for the federation jobs. You may want this pool's max_connections to be at least equal to the number of federator jobs + retry queue jobs.
* `:media` - for rich media, media proxy.
* `:upload` - for proxying media when a remote uploader is used and `proxy_remote: true`.
* `:default` - for other requests.
For each pool, the options are:
* `:size` - limit to how much requests can be concurrently executed.
* `:recv_timeout` - timeout while `gun` will wait for response
* `:max_waiting` - limit to how much requests can be waiting for others to finish, after this is reached, subsequent requests will be dropped.
## Captcha
### Pleroma.Captcha
* `enabled`: Whether the captcha should be shown on registration.
* `method`: The method/service to use for captcha.
* `seconds_valid`: The time in seconds for which the captcha is valid.
### Captcha providers
#### Pleroma.Captcha.Native
A built-in captcha provider. Enabled by default.
#### Pleroma.Captcha.Kocaptcha
Kocaptcha is a very simple captcha service with a single API endpoint,
the source code is here: [kocaptcha](https://github.com/koto-bank/kocaptcha). The default endpoint
`https://captcha.kotobank.ch` is hosted by the developer.
* `endpoint`: the Kocaptcha endpoint to use.
## Uploads
### Pleroma.Upload
* `uploader`: Which one of the [uploaders](#uploaders) to use.
* `filters`: List of [upload filters](#upload-filters) to use.
* `link_name`: When enabled Pleroma will add a `name` parameter to the url of the upload, for example `https://instance.tld/media/corndog.png?name=corndog.png`. This is needed to provide the correct filename in Content-Disposition headers when using filters like `Pleroma.Upload.Filter.Dedupe`
* `base_url`: The base URL to access a user-uploaded file. Useful when you want to host the media files via another domain or are using a 3rd party S3 provider.
* `proxy_remote`: If you're using a remote uploader, Pleroma will proxy media requests instead of redirecting to it.
* `proxy_opts`: Proxy options, see `Pleroma.ReverseProxy` documentation.
* `filename_display_max_length`: Set max length of a filename to display. 0 = no limit. Default: 30.
* `default_description`: Sets which default description an image has if none is set explicitly. Options: nil (default) - Don't set a default, :filename - use the filename of the file, a string (e.g. "attachment") - Use this string
!!! warning
`strip_exif` has been replaced by `Pleroma.Upload.Filter.Mogrify`.
### Uploaders
#### Pleroma.Uploaders.Local
* `uploads`: Which directory to store the user-uploads in, relative to pleroma’s working directory.
#### Pleroma.Uploaders.S3
Don't forget to configure [Ex AWS S3](#ex-aws-s3-settings)
* `bucket`: S3 bucket name.
* `bucket_namespace`: S3 bucket namespace.
* `truncated_namespace`: If you use S3 compatible service such as Digital Ocean Spaces or CDN, set folder name or "" etc.
* `streaming_enabled`: Enable streaming uploads, when enabled the file will be sent to the server in chunks as it's being read. This may be unsupported by some providers, try disabling this if you have upload problems.
#### Ex AWS S3 settings
* `access_key_id`: Access key ID
* `secret_access_key`: Secret access key
* `host`: S3 host
Example:
```elixir
config :ex_aws, :s3,
access_key_id: "xxxxxxxxxx",
secret_access_key: "yyyyyyyyyy",
host: "s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com"
```
#### Pleroma.Uploaders.IPFS
* `post_gateway_url`: URL with port of POST Gateway (unauthenticated)
* `get_gateway_url`: URL of public GET Gateway
Example:
```elixir
config :pleroma, Pleroma.Uploaders.IPFS,
post_gateway_url: "http://localhost:5001",
get_gateway_url: "http://{CID}.ipfs.mydomain.com"
```
### Upload filters
#### Pleroma.Upload.Filter.AnonymizeFilename
This filter replaces the filename (not the path) of an upload. For complete obfuscation, add
`Pleroma.Upload.Filter.Dedupe` before AnonymizeFilename.
* `text`: Text to replace filenames in links. If empty, `{random}.extension` will be used. You can get the original filename extension by using `{extension}`, for example `custom-file-name.{extension}`.
#### Pleroma.Upload.Filter.Dedupe
No specific configuration.
#### Pleroma.Upload.Filter.Exiftool.StripLocation
-This filter only strips the GPS and location metadata with Exiftool leaving color profiles and attributes intact.
+This filter only strips the GPS and location metadata leaving color profiles and attributes intact.
-This filter reads the ImageDescription and iptc:Caption-Abstract fields with Exiftool so clients can prefill the media description field.
+This filter reads the ImageDescription and iptc:Caption-Abstract fields so clients can prefill the media description field.
No specific configuration.
#### Pleroma.Upload.Filter.OnlyMedia
This filter rejects uploads that are not identified with Content-Type matching audio/\*, image/\*, or video/\*
No specific configuration.
#### Pleroma.Upload.Filter.Mogrify
* `args`: List of actions for the `mogrify` command like `"strip"` or `["strip", "auto-orient", {"implode", "1"}]`.
## Email
### Pleroma.Emails.Mailer
* `adapter`: one of the mail adapters listed in [Swoosh readme](https://github.com/swoosh/swoosh#adapters), or `Swoosh.Adapters.Local` for in-memory mailbox.
* `api_key` / `password` and / or other adapter-specific settings, per the above documentation.
This config contains two queues: `federator_incoming` and `federator_outgoing`. Both have the number of max concurrent jobs set to `50`.
#### Migrating `pleroma_job_queue` settings
`config :pleroma_job_queue, :queues` is replaced by `config :pleroma, Oban, :queues` and uses the same format (keys are queues' names, values are max concurrent jobs numbers).
### :workers
Includes custom worker options not interpretable directly by `Oban`.
* `retries` — keyword lists where keys are `Oban` queues (see above) and values are numbers of max attempts for failed jobs.
Web Push Notifications configuration. You can use the mix task `mix web_push.gen.keypair` to generate it.
* ``subject``: a mailto link for the administrative contact. It’s best if this email is not a personal email address, but rather a group email so that if a person leaves an organization, is unavailable for an extended period, or otherwise can’t respond, someone else on the list can.
* ``public_key``: VAPID public key
* ``private_key``: VAPID private key
## :logger
* `backends`: `:console` is used to send logs to stdout, `{ExSyslogger, :ex_syslogger}` to log to syslog
An example to enable ONLY ExSyslogger (f/ex in ``prod.secret.exs``) with info and debug suppressed:
```elixir
config :logger,
backends: [{ExSyslogger, :ex_syslogger}]
config :logger, :ex_syslogger,
level: :warning
```
Another example, keeping console output and adding the pid to syslog output:
* `rum_enabled`: If RUM indexes should be used. Defaults to `false`.
RUM indexes are an alternative indexing scheme that is not included in PostgreSQL by default. While they may eventually be mainlined, for now they have to be installed as a PostgreSQL extension from [https://github.com/postgrespro/rum](https://github.com/postgrespro/rum).
Their advantage over the standard GIN indexes is that they allow efficient ordering of search results by timestamp, which makes search queries a lot faster on larger servers, by one or two orders of magnitude. They take up around 3-4 times as much space as GIN indexes.
To enable them, both the `rum_enabled` flag has to be set and the following special migration has to be run:
However, a client has been made and is available at https://git.pleroma.social/Duponin/sshocial.
### :gopher
* `enabled`: Enables the gopher interface
* `ip`: IP address to bind to
* `port`: Port to bind to
* `dstport`: Port advertised in urls (optional, defaults to `port`)
## Authentication
### :admin_token
Allows to set a token that can be used to authenticate with the admin api without using an actual user by giving it as the `admin_token` parameter or `x-admin-token` HTTP header. Example:
Warning: it's discouraged to use this feature because of the associated security risk: static / rarely changed instance-wide token is much weaker compared to email-password pair of a real admin user; consider using HTTP Basic Auth or OAuth-based authentication instead.
### :auth
Authentication / authorization settings.
* `auth_template`: authentication form template. By default it's `show.html` which corresponds to `lib/pleroma/web/templates/o_auth/o_auth/show.html.eex`.
* `oauth_consumer_template`: OAuth consumer mode authentication form template. By default it's `consumer.html` which corresponds to `lib/pleroma/web/templates/o_auth/o_auth/consumer.html.eex`.
* `oauth_consumer_strategies`: the list of enabled OAuth consumer strategies; by default it's set by `OAUTH_CONSUMER_STRATEGIES` environment variable. Each entry in this space-delimited string should be of format `<strategy>` or `<strategy>:<dependency>` (e.g. `twitter` or `keycloak:ueberauth_keycloak_strategy` in case dependency is named differently than `ueberauth_<strategy>`).
* `GET /api/v1/accounts/verify_credentials` (with proper `Authorization` header or `access_token` URI param) returns user info on requester (with `acct` field containing local nickname and `fqn` field containing fully-qualified nickname which could generally be used as email stub for OAuth software that demands email field in identity endpoint response, like Peertube).
### OAuth consumer mode
OAuth consumer mode allows sign in / sign up via external OAuth providers (e.g. Twitter, Facebook, Google, Microsoft, etc.).
Implementation is based on Ueberauth; see the list of [available strategies](https://github.com/ueberauth/ueberauth/wiki/List-of-Strategies).
!!! note
Each strategy is shipped as a separate dependency; in order to get the strategies, run `OAUTH_CONSUMER_STRATEGIES="..." mix deps.get`, e.g. `OAUTH_CONSUMER_STRATEGIES="twitter facebook google microsoft" mix deps.get`. The server should also be started with `OAUTH_CONSUMER_STRATEGIES="..." mix phx.server` in case you enable any strategies.
!!! note
Each strategy requires separate setup (on external provider side and Pleroma side). Below are the guidelines on setting up most popular strategies.
!!! note
Make sure that `"SameSite=Lax"` is set in `extra_cookie_attrs` when you have this feature enabled. OAuth consumer mode will not work with `"SameSite=Strict"`
* For Twitter, [register an app](https://developer.twitter.com/en/apps), configure callback URL to https://<your_host>/oauth/twitter/callback
* For Facebook, [register an app](https://developers.facebook.com/apps), configure callback URL to https://<your_host>/oauth/facebook/callback, enable Facebook Login service at https://developers.facebook.com/apps/<app_id>/fb-login/settings/
* For Google, [register an app](https://console.developers.google.com), configure callback URL to https://<your_host>/oauth/google/callback
* For Microsoft, [register an app](https://portal.azure.com), configure callback URL to https://<your_host>/oauth/microsoft/callback
Once the app is configured on external OAuth provider side, add app's credentials and strategy-specific settings (if any — e.g. see Microsoft below) to `config/prod.secret.exs`,
per strategy's documentation (e.g. [ueberauth_twitter](https://github.com/ueberauth/ueberauth_twitter)). Example config basing on environment variables:
* `truncate` - Set to a number to truncate URLs longer then the number. Truncated URLs will end in `...` (default: `false`)
* `strip_prefix` - Strip the scheme prefix (default: `false`)
* `extra` - link URLs with rarely used schemes (magnet, ipfs, irc, etc.) (default: `true`)
* `validate_tld` - Set to false to disable TLD validation for URLs/emails. Can be set to :no_scheme to validate TLDs only for urls without a scheme (e.g `example.com` will be validated, but `http://example.loki` won't) (default: `:no_scheme`)
Example:
```elixir
config :pleroma, Pleroma.Formatter,
class: false,
rel: "ugc",
new_window: false,
truncate: false,
strip_prefix: false,
extra: true,
validate_tld: :no_scheme
```
## Custom Runtime Modules (`:modules`)
* `runtime_dir`: A path to custom Elixir modules (such as MRF policies).
## :configurable_from_database
Boolean, enables/disables in-database configuration. Read [Transferring the config to/from the database](../administration/CLI_tasks/config.md) for more information.
## :database_config_whitelist
List of valid configuration sections which are allowed to be configured from the
database. Settings stored in the database before the whitelist is configured are
still applied, so it is suggested to only use the whitelist on instances that
- `digits` - Determines the length of a one-time pass-code in characters. Defaults to 6 characters.
- `period` - a period for which the TOTP code will be valid in seconds. Defaults to 30 seconds.
* `backup_codes` - a list containing backup codes configuration
- `number` - number of backup codes to generate.
- `length` - backup code length. Defaults to 16 characters.
## Restrict entities access for unauthenticated users
### :restrict_unauthenticated
Restrict access for unauthenticated users to timelines (public and federated), user profiles and statuses.
* `timelines`: public and federated timelines
* `local`: public timeline
* `federated`: federated timeline (includes public timeline)
* `profiles`: user profiles
* `local`
* `remote`
* `activities`: statuses
* `local`
* `remote`
Note: when `:instance, :public` is set to `false`, all `:restrict_unauthenticated` items be effectively set to `true` by default. If you'd like to allow unauthenticated access to specific API endpoints on a private instance, please explicitly set `:restrict_unauthenticated` to non-default value in `config/prod.secret.exs`.
Note: setting `restrict_unauthenticated/timelines/local` to `true` has no practical sense if `restrict_unauthenticated/timelines/federated` is set to `false` (since local public activities will still be delivered to unauthenticated users as part of federated timeline).
## Pleroma.Web.ApiSpec.CastAndValidate
* `:strict` a boolean, enables strict input validation (useful in development, not recommended in production). Defaults to `false`.
## :instances_favicons
Control favicons for instances.
* `enabled`: Allow/disallow displaying and getting instances favicons
## Pleroma.User.Backup
!!! note
Requires enabled email
* `:purge_after_days` an integer, remove backup achieves after N days.
* `:limit_days` an integer, limit user to export not more often than once per N days.
* `:dir` a string with a path to backup temporary directory or `nil` to let Pleroma choose temporary directory in the following order:
1. the directory named by the TMPDIR environment variable
2. the directory named by the TEMP environment variable
3. the directory named by the TMP environment variable
4. C:\TMP on Windows or /tmp on Unix-like operating systems
5. as a last resort, the current working directory
* `:timeout` an integer representing seconds
## Frontend management
Frontends in Pleroma are swappable - you can specify which one to use here.
You can set a frontends for the key `primary` and `admin` and the options of `name` and `ref`. This will then make Pleroma serve the frontend from a folder constructed by concatenating the instance static path, `frontends` and the name and ref.
The key `primary` refers to the frontend that will be served by default for general requests. The key `admin` refers to the frontend that will be served at the `/pleroma/admin` path.
If you don't set anything here, the bundled frontends will be used.
Example:
```
config :pleroma, :frontends,
primary: %{
"name" => "pleroma",
"ref" => "stable"
},
admin: %{
"name" => "admin",
"ref" => "develop"
}
```
This would serve the frontend from the the folder at `$instance_static/frontends/pleroma/stable`. You have to copy the frontend into this folder yourself. You can choose the name and ref any way you like, but they will be used by mix tasks to automate installation in the future, the name referring to the project and the ref referring to a commit.
This guide is a step-by-step installation guide for Alpine Linux. The instructions were verified against Alpine v3.10 standard image. You might miss additional dependencies if you use `netboot` instead.
It assumes that you have administrative rights, either as root or a user with [sudo permissions](https://www.linode.com/docs/tools-reference/custom-kernels-distros/install-alpine-linux-on-your-linode/#configuration). If you want to run this guide with root, ignore the `sudo` at the beginning of the lines, unless it calls a user like `sudo -Hu pleroma`; in this case, use `su -l <username> -s $SHELL -c 'command'` instead.
* The community repository must be enabled in `/etc/apk/repositories`. Depending on which version and mirror you use this looks like `http://alpine.42.fr/v3.10/community`. If you autogenerated the mirror during installation:
```shell
awk 'NR==2' /etc/apk/repositories | sed 's/main/community/' | tee -a /etc/apk/repositories
* Install `erlang-eldap` if you want to enable ldap authenticator
```shell
sudo apk add erlang-eldap
```
### Install PostgreSQL
* Install Postgresql server:
```shell
sudo apk add postgresql postgresql-contrib
```
* Initialize database:
```shell
sudo /etc/init.d/postgresql start
```
* Enable and start postgresql server:
```shell
sudo rc-update add postgresql
```
### Install media / graphics packages (optional, see [`docs/installation/optional/media_graphics_packages.md`](../installation/optional/media_graphics_packages.md))
**Note**: To execute a single command as the Pleroma system user, use `sudo -Hu pleroma command`. You can also switch to a shell by using `sudo -Hu pleroma $SHELL`. If you don’t have and want `sudo` on your system, you can use `su` as root user (UID 0) for a single command by using `su -l pleroma -s $SHELL -c 'command'` and `su -l pleroma -s $SHELL` for starting a shell.
* Git clone the PleromaBE repository and make the Pleroma user the owner of the directory:
* Answer with `yes` if it asks you to install `rebar3`.
* This may take some time, because parts of pleroma get compiled first.
* After that it will ask you a few questions about your instance and generates a configuration file in `config/generated_config.exs`.
* Check the configuration and if all looks right, rename it, so Pleroma will load it (`prod.secret.exs` for productive instance, `dev.secret.exs` for development instances):
* The previous command creates also the file `config/setup_db.psql`, with which you can create the database:
```shell
sudo -Hu postgres psql -f config/setup_db.psql
```
* Now run the database migration:
```shell
sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix ecto.migrate
```
* Now you can start Pleroma already
```shell
sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix phx.server
```
### Finalize installation
If you want to open your newly installed instance to the world, you should run nginx or some other webserver/proxy in front of Pleroma and you should consider to create an OpenRC service file for Pleroma.
#### Nginx
* Install nginx, if not already done:
```shell
sudo apk add nginx
```
* Setup your SSL cert, using your method of choice or certbot. If using certbot, first install it:
If that doesn’t work, make sure, that nginx is not already running. If it still doesn’t work, try setting up nginx first (change ssl “on” to “off” and try again).
* Copy the example nginx configuration to the nginx folder
* Before starting nginx edit the configuration and change it to your needs. You must change change `server_name` and the paths to the certificates. You can use `nano` (install with `apk add nano` if missing).
* (Strongly recommended) serve media on another domain
Refer to the [Hardening your instance](../configuration/hardening.md) document on how to serve media on another domain. We STRONGLY RECOMMEND you to do this to minimize attack vectors.
* Enable and start nginx:
```shell
sudo rc-update add nginx
sudo service nginx start
```
If you need to renew the certificate in the future, uncomment the relevant location block in the nginx config and run:
Questions about the installation or didn’t it work as it should be, ask in [#pleroma:libera.chat](https://matrix.to/#/#pleroma:libera.chat) via Matrix or **#pleroma** on **libera.chat** via IRC.
This guide will assume that you have administrative rights, either as root or a user with [sudo permissions](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Sudo). If you want to run this guide with root, ignore the `sudo` at the beginning of the lines, unless it calls a user like `sudo -Hu pleroma`; in this case, use `su <username> -s $SHELL -c 'command'` instead.
### Required packages
* `postgresql`
* `elixir`
* `git`
* `base-devel`
* `cmake`
* `file`
#### Optional packages used in this guide
* `nginx` (preferred, example configs for other reverse proxies can be found in the repo)
* `certbot` (or any other ACME client for Let’s Encrypt certificates)
* `ImageMagick`
* `ffmpeg`
-* `exiftool`
### Prepare the system
* First update the system, if not already done:
```shell
sudo pacman -Syu
```
* Install some of the above mentioned programs:
```shell
sudo pacman -S git base-devel elixir cmake file
```
### Install PostgreSQL
[Arch Wiki article](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/PostgreSQL)
### Install media / graphics packages (optional, see [`docs/installation/optional/media_graphics_packages.md`](../installation/optional/media_graphics_packages.md))
**Note**: To execute a single command as the Pleroma system user, use `sudo -Hu pleroma command`. You can also switch to a shell by using `sudo -Hu pleroma $SHELL`. If you don’t have and want `sudo` on your system, you can use `su` as root user (UID 0) for a single command by using `su -l pleroma -s $SHELL -c 'command'` and `su -l pleroma -s $SHELL` for starting a shell.
* Git clone the PleromaBE repository and make the Pleroma user the owner of the directory:
* Answer with `yes` if it asks you to install `rebar3`.
* This may take some time, because parts of pleroma get compiled first.
* After that it will ask you a few questions about your instance and generates a configuration file in `config/generated_config.exs`.
* Check the configuration and if all looks right, rename it, so Pleroma will load it (`prod.secret.exs` for productive instance, `dev.secret.exs` for development instances):
* The previous command creates also the file `config/setup_db.psql`, with which you can create the database:
```shell
sudo -Hu postgres psql -f config/setup_db.psql
```
* Now run the database migration:
```shell
sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix ecto.migrate
```
* Now you can start Pleroma already
```shell
sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix phx.server
```
### Finalize installation
If you want to open your newly installed instance to the world, you should run nginx or some other webserver/proxy in front of Pleroma and you should consider to create a systemd service file for Pleroma.
#### Nginx
* Install nginx, if not already done:
```shell
sudo pacman -S nginx
```
* Create directories for available and enabled sites:
If that doesn’t work, make sure, that nginx is not already running. If it still doesn’t work, try setting up nginx first (change ssl “on” to “off” and try again).
---
* Copy the example nginx configuration and activate it:
* Before starting nginx edit the configuration and change it to your needs (e.g. change servername, change cert paths)
* (Strongly recommended) serve media on another domain
Refer to the [Hardening your instance](../configuration/hardening.md) document on how to serve media on another domain. We STRONGLY RECOMMEND you to do this to minimize attack vectors.
* Enable and start nginx:
```shell
sudo systemctl enable --now nginx.service
```
If you need to renew the certificate in the future, uncomment the relevant location block in the nginx config and run:
Questions about the installation or didn’t it work as it should be, ask in [#pleroma:libera.chat](https://matrix.to/#/#pleroma:libera.chat) via Matrix or **#pleroma** on **libera.chat** via IRC.
This guide will assume you are on Debian 12 (“bookworm”) or later. This guide should also work with Ubuntu 22.04 (“jammy”) and later. It also assumes that you have administrative rights, either as root or a user with [sudo permissions](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-add-delete-and-grant-sudo-privileges-to-users-on-a-debian-vps). If you want to run this guide with root, ignore the `sudo` at the beginning of the lines, unless it calls a user like `sudo -Hu pleroma`; in this case, use `su <username> -s $SHELL -c 'command'` instead.
**Note**: To execute a single command as the Pleroma system user, use `sudo -Hu pleroma command`. You can also switch to a shell by using `sudo -Hu pleroma $SHELL`. If you don’t have and want `sudo` on your system, you can use `su` as root user (UID 0) for a single command by using `su -l pleroma -s $SHELL -c 'command'` and `su -l pleroma -s $SHELL` for starting a shell.
* Git clone the PleromaBE repository and make the Pleroma user the owner of the directory:
* Install the dependencies for Pleroma and answer with `yes` if it asks you to install `Hex`:
```shell
sudo -Hu pleroma mix deps.get
```
* Generate the configuration:
```shell
sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix pleroma.instance gen
```
* During this process:
* Answer with `yes` if it asks you to install `rebar3`.
* This may take some time, because parts of pleroma get compiled first.
* After that it will ask you a few questions about your instance and generates a configuration file in `config/generated_config.exs`.
* Check the configuration and if all looks right, rename it, so Pleroma will load it (`prod.secret.exs` for production instances, `dev.secret.exs` for development instances):
* The previous command creates also the file `config/setup_db.psql`, with which you can create the database:
```shell
sudo -Hu postgres psql -f config/setup_db.psql
```
* Now run the database migration:
```shell
sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix ecto.migrate
```
* Now you can start Pleroma already
```shell
sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix phx.server
```
### Finalize installation
If you want to open your newly installed instance to the world, you should run nginx or some other webserver/proxy in front of Pleroma and you should consider to create a systemd service file for Pleroma.
#### Nginx
* Install nginx, if not already done:
```shell
sudo apt install nginx
```
* Setup your SSL cert, using your method of choice or certbot. If using certbot, first install it:
If that doesn’t work, make sure, that nginx is not already running. If it still doesn’t work, try setting up nginx first (change ssl “on” to “off” and try again).
---
* Copy the example nginx configuration and activate it:
* Before starting nginx edit the configuration and change it to your needs (e.g. change servername, change cert paths)
* (Strongly recommended) serve media on another domain
Refer to the [Hardening your instance](../configuration/hardening.md) document on how to serve media on another domain. We STRONGLY RECOMMEND you to do this to minimize attack vectors.
* Enable and start nginx:
```shell
sudo systemctl enable --now nginx.service
```
If you need to renew the certificate in the future, uncomment the relevant location block in the nginx config and run:
Questions about the installation or didn’t it work as it should be, ask in [#pleroma:libera.chat](https://matrix.to/#/#pleroma:libera.chat) via Matrix or **#pleroma** on **libera.chat** via IRC.
Note: This article is potentially outdated because at this time we may not have people who can speak this language well enough to update it. To see the up-to-date version, which may have significant differences or important caveats of the installation process, look up the English version.
## 日本語訳について
この記事は [Installing on Debian based distributions](Installing on Debian based distributions) の日本語訳です。何かがおかしいと思ったら、原文を見てください。
Setup the required services to automatically start at boot, using `sysrc(8)`.
```
# sysrc nginx_enable=YES
# sysrc postgresql_enable=YES
```
## Initialize postgres
```
# service postgresql initdb
# service postgresql start
```
### Install media / graphics packages (optional, see [`docs/installation/optional/media_graphics_packages.md`](../installation/optional/media_graphics_packages.md))
Edit the defaults of `/usr/local/etc/nginx/sites-available/pleroma.nginx`:
* Change `ssl_trusted_certificate` to `/var/db/acme/certs/example.tld/example.tld.cer`.
* Change `ssl_certificate` to `/var/db/acme/certs/example.tld/fullchain.cer`.
* Change `ssl_certificate_key` to `/var/db/acme/certs/example.tld/example.tld.key`.
* Change all references of `example.tld` to your instance's domain name.
#### (Strongly recommended) serve media on another domain
Refer to the [Hardening your instance](../configuration/hardening.md) document on how to serve media on another domain. We STRONGLY RECOMMEND you to do this to minimize attack vectors.
## Creating a startup script for Pleroma
Pleroma will need to compile when it initially starts, which typically takes a longer
period of time. Therefore, it is good practice to initially run pleroma from the
command-line before utilizing the rc.d script. That is done as follows:
```
# su -l pleroma
$ cd $HOME/pleroma
$ MIX_ENV=prod mix phx.server
```
Copy the startup script to the correct location and make sure it's executable:
Update the `/etc/rc.conf` and start pleroma with the following commands:
```
# sysrc pleroma_enable=YES
# service pleroma start
```
#### Create your first user
If your instance is up and running, you can create your first user with administrative rights with the following task:
```shell
sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix pleroma.user new <username> <your@emailaddress> --admin
```
## Conclusion
Restart nginx with `# service nginx restart` and you should be up and running.
Make sure your time is in sync, or other instances will receive your posts with
incorrect timestamps. You should have ntpd running.
## Questions
Questions about the installation or didn’t it work as it should be, ask in [#pleroma:libera.chat](https://matrix.to/#/#pleroma:libera.chat) via Matrix or **#pleroma** on **libera.chat** via IRC.
This guide covers a manual from-source installation. To use the gentoo package, please check the [packaged installation guide for gentoo](./gentoo_otp_en.md).
## Installation
This guide will assume that you have administrative rights, either as root or a user with [sudo permissions](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Sudo). Lines that begin with `#` indicate that they should be run as the superuser. Lines using `$` should be run as the indicated user, e.g. `pleroma$` should be run as the `pleroma` user.
The only specific USE flag you should need is the `uuid` flag for `dev-db/postgresql`. Add the following line to any new file in `/etc/portage/package.use`. If you would like a suggested name for the file, either `postgresql` or `pleroma` would do fine, depending on how you like to arrange your package.use flags.
```text
dev-db/postgresql uuid
```
You could opt to add `USE="uuid"` to `/etc/portage/make.conf` if you'd rather set this as a global USE flags, but this flags does unrelated things in other packages, so keep that in mind if you elect to do so.
Double check your compiler flags in `/etc/portage/make.conf`. If you require any special compilation flags or would like to set up remote builds, now is the time to do so. Be sure that your CFLAGS and MAKEOPTS make sense for the platform you are using. It is not recommended to use above `-O2` or risky optimization flags for a production server.
### Installing a cron daemon
Gentoo quite pointedly does not come with a cron daemon installed, and as such it is recommended you install one to automate certbot renewals and to allow other system administration tasks to be run automatically. Gentoo has [a whole wide world of cron options](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Cron) but if you just want A Cron That Works, `emerge --ask virtual/cron` will install the default cron implementation (probably cronie) which will work just fine. For the purpouses of this guide, we will be doing just that.
### Required ebuilds
* `dev-db/postgresql`
* `dev-lang/elixir`
* `dev-vcs/git`
* `dev-util/cmake`
* `sys-apps/file`
#### Optional ebuilds used in this guide
* `www-servers/nginx` (preferred, example configs for other reverse proxies can be found in the repo)
* `app-crypt/certbot` (or any other ACME client for Let’s Encrypt certificates)
* `app-crypt/certbot-nginx` (nginx certbot plugin that allows use of the all-powerful `--nginx` flag on certbot)
* `media-gfx/imagemagick`
* `media-video/ffmpeg`
-* `media-libs/exiftool`
### Prepare the system
* First ensure that you have the latest copy of the portage ebuilds if you have not synced them yet:
```shell
# emaint sync -a
```
* Emerge all required the required and suggested software in one go:
If you would not like to install the optional packages, remove them from this line.
If you're running this from a low-powered virtual machine, it should work though it will take some time. There were no issues on a VPS with a single core and 1GB of RAM; if you are using an even more limited device and run into issues, you can try creating a swapfile or use a more powerful machine running Gentoo to [cross build](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Cross_build_environment). If you have a wait ahead of you, now would be a good time to take a break, stretch a bit, refresh your beverage of choice and/or get a snack, and reply to Arch users' posts with "I use Gentoo btw" as we do.
### Install PostgreSQL
[Gentoo Wiki article](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/PostgreSQL) as well as [PostgreSQL QuickStart](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/PostgreSQL/QuickStart) might be worth a quick glance, as the way Gentoo handles postgres is slightly unusual, with built in capability to have two different databases running for testing and live or whatever other purpouse. While it is still straightforward to install, it does mean that the version numbers used in this guide might change for future updates, so keep an eye out for the output you get from `emerge` to ensure you are using the correct ones.
* Install postgresql if you have not done so already:
```shell
# emerge --ask dev-db/postgresql
```
Ensure that `/etc/conf.d/postgresql-11` has the encoding you want (it defaults to UTF8 which is probably what you want) and make any adjustments to the data directory if you find it necessary. Be sure to adjust the number at the end depending on what version of postgres you actually installed.
* Initialize the database cluster
The output from emerging postgresql should give you a command for initializing the postgres database. The default slot should be indicated in this command, ensure that it matches the command below.
```shell
# emerge --config dev-db/postgresql:11
```
* Start postgres and enable the system service
```shell
# /etc/init.d/postgresql-11 start
# rc-update add postgresql-11 default
```
### A note on licenses, the AGPL, and deployment procedures
If you do not plan to make any modifications to your Pleroma instance, cloning directly from the main repo will get you what you need. However, if you plan on doing any contributions to upstream development, making changes or modifications to your instance, making custom themes, or want to play around--and let's be honest here, if you're using Gentoo that is most likely you--you will save yourself a lot of headache later if you take the time right now to fork the Pleroma repo and use that in the following section.
Not only does this make it much easier to deploy changes you make, as you can commit and pull from upstream and all that good stuff from the comfort of your local machine then simply `git pull` on your instance server when you're ready to deploy, it also ensures you are compliant with the Affero General Public Licence that Pleroma is licenced under, which stipulates that all network services provided with modified AGPL code must publish their changes on a publicly available internet service and for free. It also makes it much easier to ask for help from and provide help to your fellow Pleroma admins if your public repo always reflects what you are running because it is part of your deployment procedure.
### Install media / graphics packages (optional, see [`docs/installation/optional/media_graphics_packages.md`](docs/installation/optional/media_graphics_packages.md))
* Add a new system user for the Pleroma service and set up default directories:
Remove `,wheel` if you do not want this user to be able to use `sudo`, however note that being able to `sudo` as the `pleroma` user will make finishing the installation and common maintenance tasks somewhat easier:
```shell
# useradd -m -G users,wheel -s /bin/bash pleroma
```
Optional: If you are using sudo, review your sudo setup to ensure it works for you. The `/etc/sudoers` file has a lot of options and examples to help you, and [the Gentoo sudo guide](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Sudo) has more information. Finishing this installation will be somewhat easier if you have a way to sudo from the `pleroma` user, but it might be best to not allow that user to sudo during normal operation, and as such there will be a reminder at the end of this guide to double check if you would like to lock down the `pleroma` user after initial setup.
**Note**: To execute a single command as the Pleroma system user, use `sudo -Hu pleroma command`. You can also switch to a shell by using `sudo -Hu pleroma $SHELL`. If you don't have or want `sudo` or would like to use the system as the `pleroma` user for instance maintenance tasks, you can simply use `su - pleroma` to switch to the `pleroma` user.
* Git clone the PleromaBE repository and make the Pleroma user the owner of the directory:
It is highly recommended you use your own fork for the `https://path/to/repo` part below, however if you foolishly decide to forego using your own fork, the primary repo `https://git.pleroma.social/pleroma/pleroma` will work here.
```shell
pleroma$ cd ~
pleroma$ git clone -b stable https://path/to/repo
```
* Change to the new directory:
```shell
pleroma$ cd ~/pleroma
```
* Install the dependencies for Pleroma and answer with `yes` if it asks you to install `Hex`:
```shell
pleroma$ mix deps.get
```
* Generate the configuration:
```shell
pleroma$ MIX_ENV=prod mix pleroma.instance gen
```
* Answer with `yes` if it asks you to install `rebar3`.
* This part precompiles some parts of Pleroma, so it might take a few moments
* After that it will ask you a few questions about your instance and generates a configuration file in `config/generated_config.exs`.
* Spend some time with `generated_config.exs` to ensure that everything is in order. If you plan on using an S3-compatible service to store your local media, that can be done here. You will likely mostly be using `prod.secret.exs` for a production instance, however if you would like to set up a development environment, make a copy to `dev.secret.exs` and adjust settings as needed as well.
* The previous command creates also the file `config/setup_db.psql`, with which you can create the database. Ensure that it is using the correct database name on the `CREATE DATABASE` and the `\c` lines, then run the postgres script:
It probably won't work over the public internet quite yet, however, as we still need to set up a web servere to proxy to the pleroma application, as well as configure SSL.
### Finalize installation
Assuming you want to open your newly installed federated social network to, well, the federation, you should run nginx or some other webserver/proxy in front of Pleroma. It is also a good idea to set up Pleroma to run as a system service.
#### Nginx
* Install nginx, if not already done:
```shell
# emerge --ask www-servers/nginx
```
* Create directories for available and enabled sites:
```shell
# mkdir -p /etc/nginx/sites-{available,enabled}
```
* Append the following line at the end of the `http` block in `/etc/nginx/nginx.conf`:
```Nginx
include sites-enabled/*;
```
* Setup your SSL cert, using your method of choice or certbot. If using certbot, install it if you haven't already:
If that doesn't work the first time, add `--dry-run` to further attempts to avoid being ratelimited as you identify the issue, and do not remove it until the dry run succeeds. If that doesn’t work, make sure, that nginx is not already running. If it still doesn’t work, try setting up nginx first (change ssl “on” to “off” and try again). Often the answer to issues with certbot is to use the `--nginx` flag once you have nginx up and running.
If you are using any additional subdomains, such as for a media proxy, you can re-run the same command with the subdomain in question. When it comes time to renew later, you will not need to run multiple times for each domain, one renew will handle it.
---
* Copy the example nginx configuration and activate it:
* Take some time to ensure that your nginx config is correct
Replace all instances of `example.tld` with your instance's public URL. If for whatever reason you made changes to the port that your pleroma app runs on, be sure that is reflected in your configuration.
Pay special attention to the line that begins with `ssl_ecdh_curve`. It is stongly advised to comment that line out so that OpenSSL will use its full capabilities, and it is also possible you are running OpenSSL 1.0.2 necessitating that you do this.
* (Strongly recommended) serve media on another domain
Refer to the [Hardening your instance](../configuration/hardening.md) document on how to serve media on another domain. We STRONGLY RECOMMEND you to do this to minimize attack vectors.
* Enable and start nginx:
```shell
# rc-update add nginx default
# /etc/init.d/nginx start
```
If you are using certbot, it is HIGHLY recommend you set up a cron job that renews your certificate, and that you install the suggested `certbot-nginx` plugin. If you don't do these things, you only have yourself to blame when your instance breaks suddenly because you forgot about it.
First, ensure that the command you will be installing into your crontab works.
```shell
# /usr/bin/certbot renew --nginx
```
Assuming not much time has passed since you got certbot working a few steps ago, you should get a message for all domains you installed certificates for saying `Cert not yet due for renewal`.
Now, run crontab as a superuser with `crontab -e` or `sudo crontab -e` as appropriate, and add the following line to your cron:
```cron
0 0 1 * * /usr/bin/certbot renew --nginx
```
This will run certbot on the first of the month at midnight. If you'd rather run more frequently, it's not a bad idea, feel free to go for it.
#### Other webserver/proxies
If you would like to use other webservers or proxies, there are example configurations for some popular alternatives in `/home/pleroma/pleroma/installation/`. You can, of course, check out [the Gentoo wiki](https://wiki.gentoo.org) for more information on installing and configuring said alternatives.
#### Create the uploads folder
Even if you are using S3, Pleroma needs someplace to store media posted on your instance. If you are using the `/home/pleroma/pleroma` root folder suggested by this guide, simply:
* Be sure to take a look at this service file and make sure that all paths fit your installation
* Enable and start `pleroma`:
```shell
# rc-update add pleroma default
# /etc/init.d/pleroma start
```
#### Create your first user
If your instance is up and running, you can create your first user with administrative rights with the following task:
```shell
pleroma$ MIX_ENV=prod mix pleroma.user new <username> <your@emailaddress> --admin
```
#### Privilege cleanup
If you opted to allow sudo for the `pleroma` user but would like to remove the ability for greater security, now might be a good time to edit `/etc/sudoers` and/or change the groups the `pleroma` user belongs to. Be sure to restart the pleroma service afterwards to ensure it picks up on the changes.
Questions about the installation or didn’t it work as it should be, ask in [#pleroma:libera.chat](https://matrix.to/#/#pleroma:libera.chat) via Matrix or **#pleroma** on **libera.chat** via IRC.
This guide covers installation via Gentoo provided packaging. A [manual installation guide for gentoo](./gentoo_en.md) is also available.
## Installation
This guide will assume that you have administrative rights, either as root or a user with [sudo permissions](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Sudo). Lines that begin with `#` indicate that they should be run as the superuser. Lines using `$` should be run as the indicated user, e.g. `pleroma$` should be run as the `pleroma` user.
Gentoo quite pointedly does not come with a cron daemon installed, and as such it is recommended you install one to automate certbot renewals and to allow other system administration tasks to be run automatically. Gentoo has [a whole wide world of cron options](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Cron) but if you just want A Cron That Works, `emerge --ask virtual/cron` will install the default cron implementation (probably cronie) which will work just fine. For the purpouses of this guide, we will be doing just that.
### Required ebuilds
* `www-apps/pleroma`
#### Optional ebuilds used in this guide
* `www-servers/nginx` (preferred, example configs for other reverse proxies can be found in the repo)
* `app-crypt/certbot` (or any other ACME client for Let’s Encrypt certificates)
* `app-crypt/certbot-nginx` (nginx certbot plugin that allows use of the all-powerful `--nginx` flag on certbot)
* `media-gfx/imagemagick`
* `media-video/ffmpeg`
-* `media-libs/exiftool`
### Prepare the system
* If you haven't yet done so, add the [Gentoo User Repository (GURU)](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Project:GURU), where the `www-apps/pleroma` ebuild currently lives at:
```shell
# eselect repository enable guru
```
* Ensure that you have the latest copy of the Gentoo and GURU ebuilds if you have not synced them yet:
```shell
# emaint sync -a
```
* Emerge all required the required and suggested software in one go:
If you would not like to install the optional packages, remove them from this line.
If you're running this from a low-powered virtual machine, it should work though it will take some time. There were no issues on a VPS with a single core and 1GB of RAM; if you are using an even more limited device and run into issues, you can try creating a swapfile or use a more powerful machine running Gentoo to [cross build](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Cross_build_environment). If you have a wait ahead of you, now would be a good time to take a break, stretch a bit, refresh your beverage of choice and/or get a snack, and reply to Arch users' posts with "I use Gentoo btw" as we do.
### Setup PostgreSQL
[Gentoo Wiki article](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/PostgreSQL) as well as [PostgreSQL QuickStart](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/PostgreSQL/QuickStart) might be worth a quick glance, as the way Gentoo handles postgres is slightly unusual, with built in capability to have two different databases running for testing and live or whatever other purpouse. While it is still straightforward to install, it does mean that the version numbers used in this guide might change for future updates, so keep an eye out for the output you get from `emerge` to ensure you are using the correct ones.
* Initialize the database cluster
The output from emerging postgresql should give you a command for initializing the postgres database. The default slot should be indicated in this command, ensure that it matches the command below.
```shell
# emerge --config dev-db/postgresql:11
```
### Install media / graphics packages (optional)
See [Optional software packages needed for specific functionality](optional/media_graphics_packages.md) for details.
* Now you can start Pleroma already and add it in the default runlevel
```shell
# rc-service pleroma start
# rc-update add pleroma default
```
It probably won't work over the public internet quite yet, however, as we still need to set up a web server to proxy to the pleroma application, as well as configure SSL.
### Finalize installation
Assuming you want to open your newly installed federated social network to, well, the federation, you should run nginx or some other webserver/proxy in front of Pleroma. It is also a good idea to set up Pleroma to run as a system service.
#### Nginx
* Install nginx, if not already done:
```shell
# emerge --ask www-servers/nginx
```
* Create directories for available and enabled sites:
```shell
# mkdir -p /etc/nginx/sites-{available,enabled}
```
* Append the following line at the end of the `http` block in `/etc/nginx/nginx.conf`:
```Nginx
include sites-enabled/*;
```
* Setup your SSL cert, using your method of choice or certbot. If using certbot, install it if you haven't already:
If that doesn't work the first time, add `--dry-run` to further attempts to avoid being ratelimited as you identify the issue, and do not remove it until the dry run succeeds. If that doesn’t work, make sure, that nginx is not already running. If it still doesn’t work, try setting up nginx first (change ssl “on” to “off” and try again). Often the answer to issues with certbot is to use the `--nginx` flag once you have nginx up and running.
If you are using any additional subdomains, such as for a media proxy, you can re-run the same command with the subdomain in question. When it comes time to renew later, you will not need to run multiple times for each domain, one renew will handle it.
---
* Copy the example nginx configuration and activate it:
* Take some time to ensure that your nginx config is correct
Replace all instances of `example.tld` with your instance's public URL. If for whatever reason you made changes to the port that your pleroma app runs on, be sure that is reflected in your configuration.
Pay special attention to the line that begins with `ssl_ecdh_curve`. It is stongly advised to comment that line out so that OpenSSL will use its full capabilities, and it is also possible you are running OpenSSL 1.0.2 necessitating that you do this.
* Enable and start nginx:
```shell
# rc-update add nginx default
# /etc/init.d/nginx start
```
If you are using certbot, it is HIGHLY recommend you set up a cron job that renews your certificate, and that you install the suggested `certbot-nginx` plugin. If you don't do these things, you only have yourself to blame when your instance breaks suddenly because you forgot about it.
First, ensure that the command you will be installing into your crontab works.
```shell
# /usr/bin/certbot renew --nginx
```
Assuming not much time has passed since you got certbot working a few steps ago, you should get a message for all domains you installed certificates for saying `Cert not yet due for renewal`.
Now, run crontab as a superuser with `crontab -e` or `sudo crontab -e` as appropriate, and add the following line to your cron:
```cron
0 0 1 * * /usr/bin/certbot renew --nginx
```
This will run certbot on the first of the month at midnight. If you'd rather run more frequently, it's not a bad idea, feel free to go for it.
#### Other webserver/proxies
If you would like to use other webservers or proxies, there are example configurations for some popular alternatives in `/opt/pleroma/installation/`. You can, of course, check out [the Gentoo wiki](https://wiki.gentoo.org) for more information on installing and configuring said alternatives.
#### Create your first user
If your instance is up and running, you can create your first user with administrative rights with the following task:
```shell
pleroma$ pleroma_ctl user new <username> <your@emailaddress> --admin
Questions about the installation or didn’t it work as it should be, ask in [#pleroma:libera.chat](https://matrix.to/#/#pleroma:libera.chat) via Matrix or **#pleroma** on **libera.chat** via IRC.
Currently there are two options available for NetBSD: manual installation (from source) or using experimental package from [pkgsrc-wip](https://github.com/NetBSD/pkgsrc-wip/tree/master/pleroma).
WIP package can be installed via pkgsrc and can be crosscompiled for easier binary distribution. Source installation most probably will be restricted to a single machine.
## pkgsrc installation
WIP package creates Mix.Release (similar to how Docker images are built) but doesn't bundle Erlang runtime, listing it as a dependency instead. This allows for easier and more modular installations, especially on weaker machines. Currently this method also does not support all features of `pleroma_ctl` command (like changing installation type or managing frontends) as NetBSD is not yet a supported binary flavour of Pleroma's CI.
In any case, you can install it the same way as any other `pkgsrc-wip` package:
Use `bmake package` to create a binary package. This can come especially handy if you're targeting embedded or low-power systems and are crosscompiling on a more powerful machine.
> Note: Elixir has [endianness bug](https://github.com/elixir-lang/elixir/issues/2785) which requires it to be compiled on a machine with the same endianness. In other words, package crosscompiled on amd64 (little endian) won't work on powerpc or sparc machines (big endian). While _in theory™_ nothing catastrophic should happen, one can see that for example regexes won't work properly. Some distributions just strip this warning away, so it doesn't bother the users... anyway, you've been warned.
## Source installation
pkgin should have been installed by the NetBSD installer if you selected
the right options. If it isn't installed, install it using `pkg_add`.
Note that `postgresql11-contrib` is needed for the Postgres extensions
Pleroma uses.
> Note: you can use modern versions of PostgreSQL. In this case, just use `postgresql16-contrib` and so on.
The `mksh` shell is needed to run the Elixir `mix` script.
## Install media / graphics packages (optional, see [`docs/installation/optional/media_graphics_packages.md`](../installation/optional/media_graphics_packages.md))
From now on, you may encounter `$PREFIX` variable in the paths. This variable indicates your current local pkgsrc prefix. Usually it's `/usr/pkg` unless you configured it otherwise. Translating to pkgsrc's lingo, it's called `LOCALBASE`, which essentially means the same this. You may want to set it up for your local shell session (this uses `mksh` which should already be installed as one of the required dependencies):
```
$ export PREFIX=$(pkg_info -Q LOCALBASE mksh)
$ echo $PREFIX
/usr/pkg
```
## Setting up your instance
Now, you need to configure your instance. During this initial configuration, you will be asked some questions about your server. You will need a domain name at this point; it doesn't have to be deployed, but changing it later will be very cumbersome.
If you've installed via pkgsrc, `pleroma_ctl` should already be in your `PATH`; if you've installed from source, it's located at `/home/pleroma/pleroma/release/bin/pleroma_ctl`.
```
$ su -l pleroma
$ pleroma_ctl instance gen --output $PREFIX/etc/pleroma/config.exs --output-psql /tmp/setup_db.psql
```
During installation, you will be asked about static and upload directories. Don't forget to create them and update permissions:
Postgres allows connections from all users without a password by default. To
fix this, edit `$PREFIX/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf`. Change every `trust` to
`password`.
Once this is done, restart Postgres with `# /etc/rc.d/pgsql restart`.
Run the database migrations.
### pkgsrc installation
```
pleroma_ctl migrate
```
### Source installation
You will need to do this whenever you update with `git pull`:
```
$ cd /home/pleroma/pleroma
$ MIX_ENV=prod mix ecto.migrate
```
## Configuring nginx
Install the example configuration file
(`$PREFIX/share/examples/pleroma/pleroma.nginx` or `/home/pleroma/pleroma/installation/pleroma.nginx`) to
`$PREFIX/etc/nginx.conf`.
Note that it will need to be wrapped in a `http {}` block. You should add
settings for the nginx daemon outside of the http block, for example:
```
user nginx nginx;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
worker_processes 4;
events {
}
```
Edit the defaults:
* Change `ssl_certificate` and `ssl_trusted_certificate` to
`/etc/nginx/tls/fullchain`.
* Change `ssl_certificate_key` to `/etc/nginx/tls/key`.
* Change `example.tld` to your instance's domain name.
### (Strongly recommended) serve media on another domain
Refer to the [Hardening your instance](../configuration/hardening.md) document on how to serve media on another domain. We STRONGLY RECOMMEND you to do this to minimize attack vectors.
## Configuring acme.sh
We'll be using acme.sh in Stateless Mode for TLS certificate renewal.
For properly functioning instance, you will need pleroma (backend service), nginx (reverse proxy) and postgresql (database) services running. There's no requirement for them to reside on the same machine, but you have to provide autostart for each of them.
Questions about the installation or didn’t it work as it should be, ask in [#pleroma:libera.chat](https://matrix.to/#/#pleroma:libera.chat) via Matrix or **#pleroma** on **libera.chat** via IRC.
This guide describes the installation and configuration of Pleroma (and the required software to run it) on a single OpenBSD 7.7 server.
For any additional information regarding commands and configuration files mentioned here, check the man pages [online](https://man.openbsd.org/) or directly on your server with the man command.
Pleroma requires a reverse proxy, OpenBSD has relayd in base (and is used in this guide) and packages/ports are available for nginx (www/nginx) and apache (www/apache-httpd).
Independently of the reverse proxy, [acme-client(1)](https://man.openbsd.org/acme-client) can be used to get a certificate from Let's Encrypt.
#### Optional software
* ImageMagick
* ffmpeg
- * exiftool
To install the above:
```
-# pkg_add ImageMagick ffmpeg p5-Image-ExifTool
+# pkg_add ImageMagick ffmpeg
```
For more information read [`docs/installation/optional/media_graphics_packages.md`](../installation/optional/media_graphics_packages.md):
### PostgreSQL
Switch to the \_postgresql user and initialize PostgreSQL:
Running PostgreSQL in a different directory than `/var/postgresql/data` requires changing the `daemon_flags` variable in the `/etc/rc.d/postgresql` script.
For security reasons it is recommended to change the authentication method for `local` and `host` connections with the localhost address to `scram-sha-256`.<br>
Do not forget to set a password for the `postgres` user before doing so, otherwise you won't be able to log back in unless you change the authentication method back to `trust`.<br>
Changing the password hashing algorithm is not needed.<br>
For more information [read](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/16/auth-pg-hba-conf.html) the PostgreSQL documentation.
Enable and start the postgresql service:
```
# rcctl enable postgresql
# rcctl start postgresql
```
To check that PostgreSQL started properly and didn't fail right after starting, run `# rcctl check postgresql` which should return `postgresql(ok)`.
### Configuring Pleroma
Pleroma will be run by a dedicated \_pleroma user. Before creating it, insert the following lines in `/etc/login.conf`:
This creates a "pleroma" login class and sets higher values than default for datasize and openfiles (see [login.conf(5)](https://man.openbsd.org/login.conf)), this is required to avoid having Pleroma crash some time after starting.
Create the \_pleroma user, assign it the pleroma login class and create its home directory (/home/\_pleroma/):
Note: Answer yes when asked to install Hex and rebar3. This step might take some time as Pleroma gets compiled first.
Create the Pleroma database:
```
$ psql -U postgres -f config/setup_db.psql
```
Apply database migrations:
```
$ MIX_ENV=prod mix ecto.migrate
```
Note: You will need to run this step again when updating your instance to a newer version with `git pull` or `git checkout tags/NEW_VERSION`.
As \_pleroma in /home/\_pleroma/pleroma, you can now run `MIX_ENV=prod mix phx.server` to start your instance.
In another SSH session or a tmux window, check that it is working properly by running `ftp -MVo - http://127.0.0.1:4000/api/v1/instance`, you should get json output.
Double-check that the *uri* value near the bottom is your instance's domain name and the instance *title* are correct.
### Configuring acme-client
acme-client is used to get SSL/TLS certificates from Let's Encrypt.
Insert the following configuration in `/etc/acme-client.conf` and replace `example.tld` with your domain:
OpenBSD's default nginx configuration does not contain an include directive, which is typically used for multiple sites.
Therefore, you will need to first create the required directory as follows:
```
# mkdir /etc/nginx/sites-available
# mkdir /etc/nginx/sites-enabled
```
Next add the `include` directive to `/etc/nginx/nginx.conf`, within the `http {}` block, as follows:
```
http {
...
server {
...
}
include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
}
```
As root, copy `/home/_pleroma/pleroma/installation/pleroma.nginx` to `/etc/nginx/sites-available/pleroma.nginx`.
Edit default `/etc/nginx/sites-available/pleroma.nginx` settings and replace `example.tld` with your domain:
* Uncomment the location block for `~ /\.well-known/acme-challenge` in the server block listening on port 80
- add `rewrite ^/\.well-known/acme-challenge/(.*) /$1 break;` above the `root` location
- change the `root` location to `/var/www/acme;`
* Change `ssl_trusted_certificate` to `/etc/ssl/example.tld_cert-only.crt`
* Change `ssl_certificate` to `/etc/ssl/example.tld.crt`
* Change `ssl_certificate_key` to `/etc/ssl/private/example.tld.key`
Remove the following `location {}` block from `/etc/nginx/nginx.conf`, that was previously added for acquiring certificates and change `server_name` back to `localhost`:
```
http {
...
server {
...
server_name example.tld; # Change back to localhost
Note: If the above command complains about a `conflicting server name`, check again that the `location {}` block for acquiring certificates has been removed from `/etc/nginx/nginx.conf` and that the `server_name` has been reverted back to `localhost`.
After doing so run `# nginx -t` again.
If the configuration is correct, you can now enable and reload the nginx service:
```
# rcctl enable nginx
# rcctl reload nginx
```
#### httpd
***Skip this section when using nginx***
httpd will have two functions:
* redirect requests trying to reach the instance over http to the https URL
* get Let's Encrypt certificates, with acme-client
As root, copy `/home/_pleroma/pleroma/installation/openbsd/httpd.conf` to `/etc/httpd.conf`, or modify the existing one.
Edit `/etc/httpd.conf` settings and change:
* `<ipaddr>` with your instance's IPv4 address
* All occurrences of `example.tld` with your instance's domain name
* When using IPv6 also change:
- Uncomment the `ext_inet6="<ip6addr>"` line near the beginning of the file and change `<ip6addr` to your instance's IPv6 address
- Uncomment the line starting with `listen on $ext_inet6` in the `server` block
Check the configuration by running:
```
# httpd -n
```
If the configuration is correct, enable and start the `httpd` service:
```
# rcctl enable httpd
# rcctl start httpd
```
Acquire certificate:
```
# acme-client example.tld
```
#### relayd
***Skip this section when using nginx***
relayd will be used as the reverse proxy sitting in front of pleroma.
As root, copy `/home/_pleroma/pleroma/installation/openbsd/relayd.conf` to `/etc/relayd.conf`, or modify the existing one.
Edit `/etc/relayd.conf` settings and change:
* `<ipaddr>` with your instance's IPv4 address
* All occurrences of `example.tld` with your instance's domain name
* When using IPv6 also change:
- Uncomment the `ext_inet6="<ip6addr>"` line near the beginning of the file and change `<ip6addr>` to your instance's IPv6 address
- Uncomment the line starting with `listen on $ext_inet6` in the `relay wwwtls` block
Check the configuration by running:
```
# relayd -n
```
If the configuration is correct, enable and start the `relayd` service:
```
# rcctl enable relayd
# rcctl start relayd
```
Add certificate auto-renewal by adding acme-client to `/etc/weekly.local`, replace `example.tld` with your domain:
#### (Strongly recommended) serve media on another domain
Refer to the [Hardening your instance](../configuration/hardening.md) document on how to serve media on another domain. We STRONGLY RECOMMEND you to do this to minimize attack vectors.
### Starting pleroma at boot
Copy the startup script and make sure it's executable:
Questions about the installation or didn’t it work as it should be, ask in [#pleroma:libera.chat](https://matrix.to/#/#pleroma:libera.chat) via Matrix or **#pleroma** on **libera.chat** via IRC.
Note: This article is potentially outdated because at this time we may not have people who can speak this language well enough to update it. To see the up-to-date version, which may have significant differences or important caveats of the installation process, look up the English version.
Tarvitset:
* Oman domainin
* OpenBSD 7.5 -serverin
* Auttavan ymmärryksen unix-järjestelmistä
Komennot, joiden edessä on '#', tulee ajaa käyttäjänä `root`. Tämä on
suositeltavaa tehdä komennon `doas` avulla, katso `doas (1)` ja `doas.conf (5)`.
Tästä eteenpäin oletuksena on, että domain "esimerkki.com" osoittaa
serverin IP-osoitteeseen.
Jos asennuksen kanssa on ongelmia, IRC-kanava #pleroma Libera.chat tai
Matrix-kanava #pleroma:libera.chat ovat hyviä paikkoja löytää apua
(englanniksi), `/msg eal kukkuu` jos haluat välttämättä puhua härmää.
This guide covers a installation using OTP releases as built by the Pleroma project, it is meant as a fallback to distribution packages/recipes which are the preferred installation method.
To install Pleroma from source, please check out the corresponding guide for your distro.
## Pre-requisites
* A machine you have root access to running Debian GNU/Linux or compatible (eg. Ubuntu), or Alpine on `x86_64`, `aarch64` or `armv7l` CPU. If you are not sure what you are running see [Detecting flavour section](#detecting-flavour) below
* A (sub)domain pointed to the machine
You will be running commands as root. If you aren't root already, please elevate your privileges by executing `sudo -i`/`su`.
Similarly to other binaries, OTP releases tend to be only compatible with the distro they are built on, as such this guide focuses only on Debian/Ubuntu and Alpine.
!!! note
If you get `GLIBC_... not found` errors on Debian/Ubuntu, you can run the OTP release from `/opt/pleroma` inside a newer distro container without upgrading the host. See [`release_to_docker_en.md`](release_to_docker_en.md).
It is recommended to use PostgreSQL v11 or newer. We have seen some minor issues with lower PostgreSQL versions.
RUM indexes are an alternative indexing scheme that is not included in PostgreSQL by default. You can read more about them on the [Configuration page](../configuration/cheatsheet.md#rum-indexing-for-full-text-search). They are completely optional and most of the time are not worth it, especially if you are running a single user instance (unless you absolutely need ordered search results).
If your distro does not have either of those you can append `include /etc/nginx/pleroma.conf` to the end of the http section in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf and
#### (Strongly recommended) serve media on another domain
Refer to the [Hardening your instance](../configuration/hardening.md) document on how to serve media on another domain. We STRONGLY RECOMMEND you to do this to minimize attack vectors.
#### Start nginx
=== "Alpine"
```
rc-service nginx start
```
=== "Debian/Ubuntu"
```
systemctl start nginx
```
At this point if you open your (sub)domain in a browser you should see a 502 error, that's because Pleroma is not started yet.
If everything worked, you should see Pleroma-FE when visiting your domain. If that didn't happen, try reviewing the installation steps, starting Pleroma in the foreground and seeing if there are any errors.
Questions about the installation or didn’t it work as it should be, ask in [#pleroma:libera.chat](https://matrix.to/#/#pleroma:libera.chat) via Matrix or **#pleroma** on **libera.chat** via IRC, you can also [file an issue on our Gitlab](https://git.pleroma.social/pleroma/pleroma-support/issues/new).
## Post installation
### Setting up auto-renew of the Let's Encrypt certificate
```sh
# Create the directory for webroot challenges
mkdir -p /var/lib/letsencrypt
# Uncomment the webroot method
$EDITOR path-to-nginx-config
# Verify that the config is valid
nginx -t
```
=== "Alpine"
```
# Restart nginx
rc-service nginx restart
# Start the cron daemon and make it start on boot
rc-service crond start
rc-update add crond
# Ensure the webroot menthod and post hook is working
# If everything worked the output should contain /etc/cron.daily/renew-pleroma-cert
run-parts --test /etc/cron.daily
```
## Create your first user and set as admin
```sh
cd /opt/pleroma
su pleroma -s $SHELL -lc "./bin/pleroma_ctl user new joeuser joeuser@sld.tld --admin"
```
This will create an account withe the username of 'joeuser' with the email address of joeuser@sld.tld, and set that user's account as an admin. This will result in a link that you can paste into the browser, which logs you in and enables you to set the password.
Questions about the installation or didn’t it work as it should be, ask in [#pleroma:libera.chat](https://matrix.to/#/#pleroma:libera.chat) via Matrix or **#pleroma** on **libera.chat** via IRC, you can also [file an issue on our Gitlab](https://git.pleroma.social/pleroma/pleroma-support/issues/new).
- if Pleroma.Utils.command_available?("exiftool") do
- {"Do you want to strip location (GPS) data from uploaded images? This requires exiftool, it was detected as installed. (y/n)",
- "y"}
- else
- {"Do you want to strip location (GPS) data from uploaded images? This requires exiftool, it was detected as not installed, please install it if you answer yes. (y/n)",
- "n"}
- end
-
strip_uploads_location =
get_option(
options,
:strip_uploads_location,
- strip_uploads_location_message,
- strip_uploads_location_default
+ "Do you want to strip location (GPS) data from uploaded images? (y/n)",
- if Pleroma.Utils.command_available?("exiftool") do
- {"Do you want to read data from uploaded files so clients can use it to prefill fields like image description? This requires exiftool, it was detected as installed. (y/n)",
- "y"}
- else
- {"Do you want to read data from uploaded files so clients can use it to prefill fields like image description? This requires exiftool, it was detected as not installed, please install it if you answer yes. (y/n)",
- "n"}
- end
-
read_uploads_description =
get_option(
options,
:read_uploads_description,
- read_uploads_description_message,
- read_uploads_description_default
+ "Do you want to read metadata from uploaded images so clients can prefill the media description field? (y/n)",
+ "y"
) === "y"
anonymize_uploads =
get_option(
options,
:anonymize_uploads,
"Do you want to anonymize the filenames of uploads? (y/n)",
"n"
) === "y"
dedupe_uploads =
get_option(
options,
:dedupe_uploads,
"Do you want to deduplicate uploaded files? (y/n)",
"\n All files successfully written! Refer to the installation instructions for your platform for next steps."
)
if db_configurable? do
shell_info(
" Please transfer your config to the database after running database migrations. Refer to \"Transferring the config to/from the database\" section of the docs for more information."
)
end
else
shell_error(
"The task would have overwritten the following files:\n" <>
Enum.map_join(will_overwrite, &"- #{&1}\n") <> "Rerun with `--force` to overwrite them."
)
end
end
defp write_robots_txt(static_dir, indexable, template_dir) do